What is modern slavery?

What is modern slavery?

Modern slavery is when an individual is exploited by others, for personal or commercial gain. Modern slavery can include human trafficking, forced labour and debt bondage. Anyone can be a victim of modern slavery, but some people may be more vulnerable than others, due to poverty, health issues or their immigration status.

This is not a historic problem. It's happening here and now in the UK, often hidden in plain sight. People may be being exploited in clothing factories, car washes, nail bars, agricultural jobs or private, domestic settings. 

Children can also be exploited. Child trafficking is a crime and a form of child abuse, which should be treated within the context of child protection and safeguarding. Find out more about our work with young people here.

It's impossible to know the full extent of modern slavery in the UK, but it's estimated that more than 130,000 people are trapped in slavery in the UK today.

Types of modern slavery

Human Trafficking

The use of violence, threats or coercion to transport, recruit or harbour people in order to exploit them for personal or financial gain. 

Labour Exploitation

Any work or service which people do against their will, commonly under threat of punishment to themselves or family. Forced labour may occur in agriculture, construction, factory packing, car washes and nail bars.

Sexual Exploitation

Adults and children are coerced or forced to perform sexual acts. 

Criminal Exploitation

Forced criminality such as growing cannabis, forced begging, stealing and benefit fraud. The person forced to commit the crime is more likely to get caught than the controller.

Domestic Servitude

Forced work in a private household where the person has restricted freedom and is often expected to work any time, day or night, doing tasks such as child care and housekeeping.